Feem ntau siv cov thermocouples tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: tus qauv thermocouples thiab tsis yog tus qauv thermocouples. Standard thermocouple yog hais txog ib lub thermocouple uas nws lub teb chaws tus qauv qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm nws cov thermoelectric peev xwm thiab qhov kub thiab txias, qhov kev tso cai yuam kev, thiab muaj kev sib koom ua ke tus qauv kawm tiav. Nws muaj qhov sib piv cov cuab yeej rau kev xaiv. Cov thermocouples uas tsis yog tus qauv tsis zoo rau cov txheej txheem thermocouples nyob rau hauv qhov kev siv lossis kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj, thiab feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke indexing rooj, uas yog siv los ntsuas hauv qee lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Txij li thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 1, 1988 hauv kuv lub teb chaws, cov thermocouples thiab thermal resistances tau ua tiav raws li IEC cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb, thiab xya tus qauv thermocouples, S, B, E, K, R, J, thiab T, raug xaiv los ua kuv lub teb chaws koom ua ke. tsim cov thermocouples.
Cov lej ntsuas ntawm cov thermocouples feem ntau yog S, R, B, N, K, E, J, T thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, S, R, B belongs rau cov hlau zoo nkauj thermocouples, thiab N, K, E, J, T yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pheej yig:
S platinum rhodium 10 ntshiab platinum
R platinum rhodium 13 ntshiab platinum
B platinum rhodium 30 platinum rhodium 6
K nickel chromium nickel silicon
T ntshiab tooj liab tooj liab nickel
J hlau tooj liab nickel
N Ni-Cr-Si Ni-Si
E nickel-chromium tooj liab-nickel
1. (S-type thermocouple) platinum rhodium 10-platinum thermocouple
Lub platinum rhodium 10-platinum thermocouple (S-hom thermocouple) yog ib qho khoom muaj nqi hlau thermocouple. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob lub xaim tau teev tseg raws li 0.5mm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tso cai yog -0.015mm. Cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov zoo electrode (SP) yog platinum-rhodium alloy, uas muaj 10% rhodium, 90% platinum, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode (SN) yog platinum ntshiab. Feem ntau hu ua tib platinum rhodium thermocouple. Lub sij hawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv kub ntawm no thermocouple yog 1300 ℃, thiab lub sij hawm luv luv siv kub siab tshaj plaws yog 1600 ℃.
2. (R hom thermocouple) platinum rhodium 13-platinum thermocouple
Lub platinum rhodium 13-platinum thermocouple (hom R thermocouple) yog cov hlau zoo nkauj thermocouple. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob lub xaim tau teev tseg raws li 0.5mm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tso cai yog -0.015mm. Cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov zoo electrode (RP) yog platinum-rhodium alloy, uas muaj 13% rhodium, 87% platinum, thiab cov electrode tsis zoo (RN) yog dawb huv platinum. Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm kub yog 1300 ° C, thiab lub sij hawm luv luv ua hauj lwm kub siab tshaj plaws yog 1600 ° C.
3. (B hom thermocouple) platinum rhodium 30-platinum rhodium 6 thermocouple
Lub platinum rhodium 30-platinum rhodium 6 thermocouple (hom B thermocouple) yog ib qho khoom muaj nqi hlau thermocouple. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm ob lub xaim tau teev tseg raws li 0.5mm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tso cai yog -0.015mm. Cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov zoo electrode (BP) yog platinum-rhodium alloy, uas muaj 30% rhodium thiab 70% platinum, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode (BN) yog platinum-rhodium alloy. Cov ntsiab lus rhodium yog 6%, yog li nws feem ntau hu ua ob platinum rhodium thermocouple. Lub sij hawm ntev tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv kub ntawm no thermocouple yog 1600 ℃, thiab lub sij hawm luv luv siv kub siab tshaj plaws yog 1800 ℃.
S, R, thiab B thermocouples muaj qhov tseeb tshaj plaws, kev ruaj ntseg zoo tshaj plaws, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov dav, thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov thermocouple series. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thermoelectric muaj peev xwm ruaj khov thiab zoo oxidation tsis kam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab haum rau oxidizing thiab inert cua. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm peb hom thermocouples no yog cov thermoelectric muaj peev xwm, uas muaj qhov ntsuas kub tsis tshua muaj peev xwm, tsis tshua muaj kev nyeem ntawv, txo cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov pa phem, thiab cov khoom siv hlau muaj txiaj ntsig yog kim, yog li ib zaug. kev nqis peev yog qhov loj.
4. (K-hom thermocouple) Ni-Cr-Ni-Si thermocouple
Nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon thermocouple (K-hom thermocouple) yog tam sim no qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov nqi pheej yig hlau thermocouple, thiab nws cov nqi yog cov nyiaj ntawm lwm cov thermocouples. Cov nominal tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov zoo electrode (KP) yog: Ni: Cr=90: 10, lub nominal tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tsis zoo electrode (KN) yog: Ni: Si=97: 3, thiab nws cov hauj lwm kub yog -200 ~ 1300 ℃.
5. (N-hom thermocouple) Ni-Cr-Si-Ni-Si thermocouple
Nickel-chromium-silicon-nickel-silicon thermocouple (N-hom thermocouple) yog ib qho pheej yig hlau thermocouple. Nws yog ib hom tshiab tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb tus qauv thermocouple. Nws tau ua tiav tiav los ntawm Australian Ministry of Defense Laboratory thaum xyoo 1970s. Nws kov yeej K-hom thermocouple. Ob qho tseem ceeb tsis txaus ntawm ob niam txiv: Lub zog thermoelectromotive ntawm K-hom thermocouple tsis ruaj khov vim qhov kev txiav txim luv luv ntawm cov nickel-chromium alloy ntawm 300 thiab 500 ℃; Lub zog thermoelectromotive tshwm sim los ntawm qhov nyiam oxidation ntawm cov nickel-chromium alloy ntawm txog 800 ℃ Tsis ruaj khov. Cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm qhov zoo electrode (NP) yog: Ni: Cr: Si=84.4: 14.2: 1.4, thiab cov nominal tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov electrode tsis zoo (NN) yog: Ni: Si: Mg=95.5: 4.4: 0.1 , thiab nws qhov kev ua haujlwm kub yog -200 ~ 1300 ° C.
K thiab N thermocouples muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo linearity, loj thermoelectromotive quab yuam, siab rhiab heev, zoo stability thiab uniformity, muaj zog oxidation tsis kam, tsis tshua muaj nqi, thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm luv luv ordering, thiab lawv cov kev ua tau zoo yog zoo heev K-hom. Thermocouple yog ib hom thermocouple nrog rau yav tom ntej. Ob hom thermocouples no tsis tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau hauv sulfur, txo lossis txo, oxidizing alternate atmospheres thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tsis pom zoo siv rau hauv cov huab cua tsis muaj zog oxidizing.
6. (E-hom thermocouple) nickel-chromium-tooj liab-nickel thermocouple
Nickel-chromium-copper-nickel thermocouple (hom E thermocouple), tseem hu ua npib tsib xee-chromium-constantan thermocouple, kuj yog ib yam khoom pheej yig hlau thermocouple. Qhov zoo electrode (EP) yog: npib tsib xee-chromium 10 alloy, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tib yam li KP, qhov tsis zoo electrode (EN) yog tooj liab-nickel alloy nrog nominal tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg: 55% tooj liab, 45% nickel thiab ib qho me me ntawm manganese, cobalt, hlau thiab lwm yam. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm no thermocouple yog -200 ~ 900 ℃.
E-hom thermocouple muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws thermoelectromotive quab yuam thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov thermocouples. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua rau hauv ib lub thermopile los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub me me. Nws tsis yog rhiab heev rau corrosion nyob rau hauv high humidity atmospheres thiab yog haum rau high humidity ib puag ncig. E thermocouple kuj muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg zoo, zoo oxidation tsis kam tshaj tooj liab-constantan thiab hlau-constantan thermocouples, thiab tus nqi qis. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv oxidizing thiab inert cua thiab yog dav siv los ntawm cov neeg siv. E-hom thermocouples tsis tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau sulfur ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov thermoelectric peev xwm tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txo qis.
7. (J-type thermocouple) hlau-tooj liab-nickel thermocouple
Hlau-tooj liab-nickel thermocouple (J-hom thermocouple), tseem hu ua hlau-constantan thermocouple, kuj yog ib qho pheej yig hlau thermocouple. Cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nws qhov zoo electrode (JP) yog cov hlau ntshiab, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode (JN) yog tooj liab-nickel alloy, uas feem ntau vaguely hu ua constantan. Nws cov tshuaj nominal muaj pes tsawg leeg yog: 55% tooj liab, 45% npib tsib xee, thiab ib qho me me Tab sis tseem ceeb heev cov ntsiab lus xws li manganese, cobalt, hlau, thiab lwm yam, txawm hais tias nws yog hu ua constantan, nws txawv ntawm tus constantan ntawm nickel-chromium- constantan thiab tooj liab-constantan, yog li EN thiab TN tsis tuaj yeem siv los hloov nws. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov hlau tsis tu ncua yog -200 ~ 1200 ℃, tab sis qhov ntsuas kub feem ntau yog 0 ~ 750 ℃.
